- #Canadian c spine rules full#
- #Canadian c spine rules professional#
Source: The Canadian Red Cross Societies Emergency Care for Professional Responders, © 2018 Caring for a Person with a Spinal Injury When performing first aid at the scene of an emergency and you have assessed that there is a spinal injury, you will need to apply SMR. If the patient cannot rotate their head, then partial spine restriction may be necessary according to your first aid training. If this is possible, they may not need spinal restriction. The patient must gently rotate their head 45 degrees to the left and right. If any of these factors apply you can start the assessment. There is no tenderness in the midline C-spine.There was no immediate neck pain after the injury.The patient was able to walk after the injury.If the MOI was a rear-end vehicle collision.
If any of the following are true the patient probably doesn’t need SMR. If none of these risk factors apply to the patient, you must determine if you can assess their range of motion.
The collision involved a motorized recreational vehicle or motorcycle. Was in a high speed vehicle collision of 60 mph/ 100 kmh or more, the vehicle rolled or there was ejected from the vehicle. Has been struck at the top of the head (axial load injury). The patient fell from a height greater than 5 stairs or 3.3 feet. Was there a dangerous mechanism of injury (MOI)?. They are feeling a tingling, burning, or prickling sensation in their extremities (paresthesia). High-risk factors that may require spinal immobilization The following risk factors in a patient may indicate that spinal immobilization is indicated: Once all the conditions are checked, you need to see if the patient can be categorized as high risk. Remember that the Canadian C-Spine rules can be used if all the mentioned conditions are true about the patient. No previous C-spine surgery has been performed on the injured person. The patient must have a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 15 (they are alert). When can the Canadian C-Spine Rule be Applied? First, as the responder, you need to ask yourself the following questions: Even though it does not provide a diagnosis, first aid responders can rule out major risk factors and whether SMR is justified and required. The Canadian C-Spine Rule The Canadian C-Spine Rule is used by responders and by in-hospital health care providers to determine whether SMR is necessary and to understand the degree of damage to the neck and spine. Depending on the scope of your training, follow the protocol and procedures you have learned during your class. In our emergency medical responder (EMR) courses, participants learn the proper techniques to apply cervical collar and even secure the injured individual on the backboard for extrication and transport. In our standard first aid and CPR/AED course, participants learn to keep the head and spine of the injured individual as still as possible and await the arrival of more professional help. This can be done manually, or with special equipment like a backboard or cervical collar. SMR is an effective technique to limit the movement of the patient’s head, neck, and or spine. What is Spinal Motion Restriction (SMR)? Any patient with a suspected spinal injury needs spinal motion restriction (SMR) initiated before they are prioritized for rapid transport, otherwise additional damage can be caused. However, if you are performing first aid on someone, keep in mind that life-saving interventions such as CPR always have the highest priority. Suspected spinal injuries should always be prioritized above all, and the spine needs to be protected from further injury. #Canadian c spine rules full#
The full extent of the injuries can only be seen at the hospital with a scan or X-ray since you will not have access to the equipment nor the training to use such machinery, as a first aider and professional responder, you need to provide the initial care with the utmost care to the head and spine of the injured individual. This is because the signs and symptoms may be delayed. If you are performing first aid at an accident it is difficult to determine the extent of the head or spinal injuries. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spine, and any injuries to these can result in paralysis, impaired mental function, or even death.
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